la Comida essays

la Comida papers Una grande parte de la cultura latinoamericana es la comida. La comida es muy importante en los eventos de cultura. Muchas personas viajan a Mxico y an otros paã ­ses hispanos por la comida.  ¡La comida es muy buena! Me gusta la comida de los latinoamericanos. Los tacos y las quesadillas child muy buenos. Por eso, mi pregunta es  ¿Por qu los restaurantes de los Estados Unidos han escogido la comida de los latinoamericanos ms pobres para representar la comida hispana? Yo pienso que la comida es comã ºn en los paã ­ses. Tambin, la comida es famosa y muy sabrosa. A los Americanos les gusta esta comida porque ella es rpida y fcil. Tambin, los restaurantes latinos en los Estados Unidos child muy buenos. Por ejemplo, los restaurantes incluyen El Rodeo, La Hacienda, y El Cerro Grande. Voy a hablar con personas y usar el Internet para encontrar la respuesta. Tambin, voy a scoff muchos libros. La comida latinoamericana es muy importante porque feed muchas holidays. La comida es muy importante en las holidays. El tema es muy interesante para mã ­ porque por mucho tiempo he querido ir a Mxico para comer la comida. Me gusta estudiar sobre las culturas de otros paã ­ses. Un dã ­a tendr mucho dinero, y yo viajar a Mxico y participar en la cultura de los mexicanos.  ¡Todas las culturas child diferentes! La comida latinoamericana es muy importante para la cultura. Es posible que yo participe en la cultura en el futuro porque ella es muy interesante. Esta tarea es muy divertida porque yo puedo estudiar la cultura de los latinoamericanos. ... <!

The eNotes Blog Stories and Quotes from LGBTQ+ Authors of the EnglishCanon

Stories and Quotes from LGBTQ+ Authors of the EnglishCanon June is Pride month! It is a month where the U.S respects the effect that lesbian, gay, promiscuous, transgender, and strange individuals have had on our general public, culture, and national personality. While the U.S. furthermore, a significant part of the world has a long history of disgracing and abusing LGBTQ+ people with social shame and brutality, Pride centers around praising sexuality and sex assorted variety while decidedly advancing self-certification, nobility, and fairness for LGBTQ+ people group. To pay tribute to Pride, we’re concentrating on the accounts of acclaimed essayists who not just molded Western writing as we probably am aware it today, yet in addition improved, adjusted, or propelled the talk encompassing sexual character and sex desires. Appreciate the accompanying four stories and adages from LGBTQ+ creators! 1. H. D. I will be free, no darlings kiss to tie me to earth, no happiness of adoration to check genuine delight. In his Autobiography, writer William Carlos Williams depicts H.D. as a serious lady hoping to push off the shows of Victorian culture. He depicts how she would sprinkle ink all over her garments before she started writing to give herself the â€Å"feeling of opportunity and indifference.† H.D. (conceived Hilda Doolittle in Pennsylvania) was a significant piece of the pioneer development whose work traverses five decades from the Victorian Era to the Atomic Age. She centers around affection, war, passing, and life through imaginative view of sexual orientation, language, and folklore. H.D.’s verse utilizes pictures loaded with sensation so you can nearly taste the readiness of the organic product in her â€Å"Orchard†Ã‚ or feel the harsh warmth in â€Å"Garden.† Alongside adding delightful verse to the imagist and pioneer developments, H.D. investigated her promiscuity transparently and started significant discussions in brain research about the multifaceted nature of human sexuality. H.D.’s first love was male writer Ezra Pound in the mid 1900s. The couple’s energetic undertaking was disputable, yet the couple chose to hear wedded in spite of talk and point of view. Pound saw H.D. as his dream and she envisioned a bohemian way of life with her darling. Be that as it may, as the relationship developed progressively customary, H.D. started addressing customary desires for sexuality, sex, and marriage. She got disillusioned with being his dream and severed the commitment. It was around this time H.D. met Frances Gregg, a serious, youthful, female artist who might become H.D.’s darling and dream. She saw Gregg as her â€Å"twin soul.† Though Gregg was possessive, H.D. felt the mystery, illegal relationship gave her opportunity from Pound that motivated her to compose productively. This serious lovely yield went to a sudden stop when H.D. found Gregg and Pound had a mystery close connection; the suggestive trio left H.D. feeling double-crossed and upset. H.D. inevitably looked for Sigmund Freud’s help her with her writer’s square. She came to comprehend her sexuality through the span of her meetings with Freud. It was his assessment that her writer’s square originated from her own distress with her androgyny. Freud’s investigation of where this uneasiness originated from an Oedipal fixation on her motherâ remains incredibly dubious; be that as it may, in contrast to a large number of his different patients, H.D. pushed back against any determination that she didn't concur with. To be specific, Freud’s hypothesis that women’s issues originated from jealousy of â€Å"man-strength† or their ownership of a penis. She rather commended the sexual, profound, and confident intensity of ladies and guaranteed that â€Å"woman is perfect.† 2. Oscar Wilde Never love any individual who treats you like youre common. Oscar Wilde is associated with his intense character, fast mind, and cleverness. His plays The Importance of Being Earnest and An Ideal Husbandâ made the essence of showy dramatization increasingly foolish, short stories like â€Å"The Canterville Ghost†Ã¢ satirized famous scholarly patterns like the gothic, and his just novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray,â challenged regular impression of excellence, truth, and profound quality. You’ve most likely observed his clever statements on your friend’s Instagram pages: â€Å"You can never be overdressed or overeducated.† â€Å"Be yourself, every other person is as of now taken.† â€Å"Always excuse your adversaries; nothing bothers them so much.† In any case, these clever comments, his splendid composition, and lavish way of life are just piece of Wilde’s story. Wilde was the survivor of severe enemy of gay laws in England in the nineteenth century. In 1885, The Criminal Law Amendment, or Labouchere Amendment, made â€Å"gross indecency† a wrongdoing in the United Kingdom. â€Å"Gross indecency† was a liquid term used to portray any sort of conduct that the court esteemed hurtful to society. It was lopsidedly used to convict gay people when the court couldn't demonstrate that intercourse had occurred. In 1895, Oscar Wilde was indicted by this law and condemned to two years in a hard work jail. Wilde had been impractically associated with Lord Alfred Douglas, a blue-blooded writer and political reporter. When Douglas’s father, the Marquis of Queensberry, got some answers concerning the relationship, he left a note for Wilde at the Albemarle Club in London which marked him a â€Å"Posing Somdomite,† incorrect spelling his allegation that Wilde was submitting homosexuality. Wilde was angry. Despite the fact that he was in a furtively gay relationship that everybody in his group of friends thought about, homosexuality was viewed as a wrongdoing deserving of life in jail. Wilde brought a claim against Queensberry for open criticism. Be that as it may, the courts right away excused Wilde’s claims and rather utilized it as a chance to convict him. Jail broke Wilde. He was exposed to poor nourishment, hard work, and numerous untreated sicknesses. Once, he was so sick and malnourished that he crumbled and cracked his left eardrum-a physical issue that was liable for the meningitis that would execute him just a couple of years after the fact. He left jail broken, debilitated, and freely detested. He ousted himself and went to Paris, where he remained with a progression of companions. Against the counsel of his companions, Wilde revived his affection with Douglass for a couple of brief a very long time in France, yet their families destroyed them, taking steps to cut them off from their remittances. He passed on of cerebral meningitis in 1900. He was just 46-years of age. In 2017, Wilde was after death exculpated alongside around 50,000 other men when Parliament passed the Policing and Crime demonstration of 2017, which naturally absolved all men indicted for gay acts that are not, at this point thought about lawbreaker. Homosexuality was not decriminalized in the UK until 1967. 3. Walt Whitman Not I, nor any other person can travel that street for you.You must travel it by yourself. It isn't far. It is inside reach.Perhaps you have been on it since you were conceived, and didn't know.Perhaps it is wherever on water and land. Walt Whitman is one of the United States’ generally famous and regarded artists. He grasped the American supernatural development, which had confidence in the natural integrity of individuals. His epic assortment of poetry, Leaves of Grass, is viewed as one of the focal works of U.S. verse, however it was at first censured as excessively unequivocally sexual. Whitman’s sexuality has for quite some time been under discussion among researchers. All proof we currently have of his homosexuality or cross-sexuality are recycled accounts. Diminish Doyle, Whitmans indivisible ally for quite a long while after their gathering in 1866, depicted their association as one of common love and comprehension: We were natural without a moment's delay I put my hand on his knee-we comprehended. He didn't get out toward the finish of the excursion in reality went right back with me. Whitman expounded on Doyle in his compositions utilizing the code â€Å"16.4,† Doyle’s numerical initials in the letters in order. Whitman’s love sonnet â€Å"Once I Pass’d Through A Populous City† was initially kept in touch with a man-the pronouns being changed to address a lady when it was distributed. Indeed, even Oscar Wilde, who met Whitman in 1882, asserted I have the kiss of Walt Whitman still all the rage, and demanded that Whitma n was gay. In any case, the writer himself eagerly excused all inquiries and cases that he had gay relations while he was alive. He even professed to have fathered six ill-conceived youngsters, a case that was never verified by an ex-darling, kid, or birth authentication. Whitman’s refusals propose that his sexuality was more intricate than his general public permitted it to be. Whitman lived from 1819â€1892 in New York and New Jersey. Homosexuality was a capital offense fair and square of homicide in the United States until 1962. On lawful preclusions, gay men were brutally oppressed by the networks in which they lived. Whitman’s wonderful, expressive, and astute verse shows that he could discover excellence and consolation on the planet. Despite the fact that he was naturally introduced to a general public where he may have needed to quell his character and was denied the option to investigate his own sexuality, Whitman concentrated on adoration, kinship, majority rules system, and the spirit. 4. Katherine Mansfield What I feel for you cannot be passed on in phrasal mixes; it either shouts so anyone can hear or remains agonizingly quiet however I guarantee it beats words. It beats universes. A lot of what we think about Katherine Mansfield’s individual life is from the arrangement of journals she kept for a mind-blowing duration. Initially conceived in New Zealand, Mansfield lived the greater part of her grown-up life in England. She went to Queen’s College where she created scholarly opportunity and began to look all starry eyed at the composition and way of life of Oscar Wilde. In spite of the fact that her folks anticipated that her and her sisters should become high society

4th Grade Examples of Persuasive Essays

4th Grade Examples of Persuasive EssaysPersuasive essay examples are a valuable resource for writers learning how to craft persuasive essays. The four examples given in this section will show how to write an essay that leads to a reading grade of at least B-.This sample should be done on the fourth of each month as a basic homework assignment for students who need some supplemental practice writing on a topic that may be more complex than the basic or advanced level of writing. It is not required, but is well worth a student's time to do this assignment.This sample includes two discussions examples for students to use as a practice and a discussion of the author's lesson plan. Both discussion examples can be read aloud and written with the students' own voice. This is a valuable exercise for students because it gives them feedback about the way their own sentences are flowing.The writer will provide the reader with useful information about the topic while communicating information in a straightforward manner. This is one of the best introductory persuasive essays for any student to read. The vocabulary for the writer is fairly simple and does not require extensive repetition.This is one of the most persuasive essays that the author could have done. This essay illustrates why students should think about the classroom learning process. For students looking for easy information to use in their essays, this essay offers simple directions.This example of a persuasive essay demonstrates why students should be careful when choosing a grade level material for their essay. The topics covered in this example include certain quality factors as well as proper grammar in writing. This essay is good for beginners as well as for readers who would like to learn more about the topics.This is one of the best examples of an introductory persuasiveessay available and shows how to construct a paragraph that will convince the reader to read further. The writer takes the reader throu gh the steps necessary to persuade the reader.This is one of the most popular and persuasive essays that has been written. Students can find great writing tips in this essay and will find it an easy introduction to persuasive writing.

Introduction to the French Past Infinitive

Rational Choice Theory And Human Behavior - 964 Words

In its simplest form, Rational Choice Theory finds its role in economics, which also plays a big role in human behavior. Most often, people are motivated by money and the possibility of making a profit and will calculate the costs and benefits for them before deciding what to do. While economic theories look at production, distribution and consumption of goods and services, Rational Choice theorists argue that these same principles can be used to understand human interaction where using time, information, approval and prestige as the resources being exchanged. In other words, individuals are motivated by their own personal wants and goals and are driven by personal desires. Since achieving it all is nearly impossible, individuals make choices relative to their goals and means of attaining them. Rational Choice Theory sees individuals as actors who are in a constant state of competition over limited resources and it is in this area that ethnicity is expressed by shared meanings a nd cultural resources such as customs, eating habits, accents and the like. It is most obvious when there is a situation or group conflict that an individual will amp up the importance of their ethnic group membership according to Michael Hechter. Hechter argues that ethnic groups provide a central source of private rewards and punishments which then motivate the members of the group to take collective action. Michael Banton argues that individuals competing alone weaken group boundaries, butShow MoreRelatedThe Rational Choice and Biological Trait Theories Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pages For instance, they should use a couple of criminology theories to help them with certain cases that are more difficult than the rest. 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In other words, if the benefits--monetary or otherwise--outweigh the risks of sustaining the costs Read MoreTheories of Crime Causation Essay example1589 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Theories of Crime Causation Robert Lincoln CJ 102-02 Kaplan University August 4, 2013 Major Theories of Crime Causation Various units contain a number of theories that try to explain the causes of crime in the society. The theories have been developed to have an in-depth understanding of the crime and how best they can be addressed to ensure that humans live in a conducive environment. These units and theories have been around and in use from as early as the twentieth century. OverRead MoreRational Choice Theory Of Criminal Behavior Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesPeople chose all behavior and including all criminal behavior. Which in this case the choices that criminals make brings them pleasure and adrenaline. Criminal choices can be controlled by fear of punishment, but not all the time. The crime will be limited when the benefits are reduced and the costs increase. Rational choice theory is a perspective that holds criminality in the result of conscious choice. Not to mention, that it is predicted that individuals choose to commit crime when the benefitsRead MoreRational Fools : A Critique O f The Behavioral Foundations Of Economic Theory1260 Words   |  6 PagesRational Fools: A Critique of the Behavioral Foundations of Economic Theory written by economist, Amartya Sen, takes a look at behavioral self-interest and its relation to behavioral economics. At the time that this paper was written, behavioral economics was becoming a popular area to explore and economists were trying to figure out how they could apply their research to encourage human flourishing. Sen begins this paper by critiquing the work of Edgeworth, who claimed that the 1st principle ofRead MoreThe Rational Choice Theory1728 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity, CJ102 Criminology Unit Five Midterm Project The Rational Choice theory approach has been used by social and political scientists to put some type of meaning of why humans behave in a certain way. In recent years, rational choice theory has been widely used in other disciplines such as sociology, political science, and anthropology. It has gained influence in politics and sociology over the past thirty years. This choice theory stressed the role of knowledgeable self interest in the decisionRead MoreApplying the Rational Choice Theory to the Movie Taken1533 Words   |  6 Pagescrimes. Several sociologists and criminologists have developed theories that attempt to explain criminal behavior and why it occurs. In earlier times, theories such as biological determinism and phrenology were often used to explain criminal behavior. Those theories have since been proven to be unreasonable and unrealistic. As time passed, sociologists and criminologists created more plausible theories including the rational choice, classical, con flict, labeling, life course, critical, strain,

How Children Acquire Aggressive Reponses - 649 Words

Childhood Aggression Many studies found frustration, various drugs, beliefs, traits and provocation are some influences that effect childhood aggression. Archer (1991) concentrated on biological influence such as norepinephrine, serotonin, cortisol and testosterone. This brief will focus on several theories that elevate aggression and can be positively modified by family and environment. Aggression was defined by Volavka Citrome (1999) as, a physical behaviour that causes psychological or physical harm or damage to objects or living beings. Aggression is often divided into two types one being instrumental, or proactive aggression and is pre-meditated and frequently goal-directed resulting from a lack of emotional sensitivity. In contrast, reactive aggression stems from excess emotional sensitivity and is developed through negative experiences and emotions including anger and anxiety (Tremblay et al., 2005). According to (Bandura, 1983, 2001; Mischel, 1973; Mischel Shoda, 1995), children acquire aggressive responses; either by observing others or by direct experience and this is similar to how they learn any form of social behaviour. Bandura (1983) examined this social learning theory and explained how the observational learning processes and modelling the behaviour of others can escalate the acquisition of aggressive behaviours by children in certain situations. This theory is closely associated to Huesmann’s (1986, 1998) script theory. Huesmann (1986, 1998)Show MoreRelatedConsumer Perspective About Quality Service Provided by Pizza Hut and Dominos21258 Words   |  86 Pagesdeliveries, deliveries accounting for about 70% of their business. Hence their main focus in to acquire and retain and increase the value of their customers. Domino’s Pizza India Limited is a Pizza Retail company spread across India across 85 Locations in 22 Cities. Their Sales Model is Take away and deliveries, deliveries accounting for about 70% of their business. Hence their main focus in to acquire and retain and increase the value of their customers. It holds the complete Customer InformationRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pageseven more powerfully than does the cinema. And figurative drawing even more so, being further from reality than photography is, since it cannot represent the literalness of graphic contours with the accuracy of a photographic image. It is easy to see how this concept of a continuous scale of inverse proportions would lead to countertruths. The truth is that there seems to be an optimal point, film, on either side of which the impression of reality produced by the fiction tends to decrease. On the one

Personal Faith Paper Essay Example For Students

Personal Faith Paper Essay During my entire life I have many experiences as growing up that have shaped my character. I grew up in a single parent household with four other siblings me being the youngest. When growing up in my household my mother always taught us about God and the Bible. I always had a hard time reading the bible and my mother use to take me to bible study classes. I was raised into a Baptist church and went to church every Sunday. My mother worked six days a week but always made sure we went to church on Sundays. My mother would pray with us doing difficult and good times as well. I really didn’t know why prayer was so important growing up but my mother always said this was my time to talk to Jesus. I than began praying at a young age and continue to pray to this day. If we didn’t go to church on some Sundays my mother would still make sure we read the Bible or even look at some church shows on television. I never forget me and my siblings would get so mad at my mother, because we didn’t want to even go to church and just wanted to relax on our Sunday evenings. Growing up reading the bible was still hard for me especially trying to read out of the James King version. My mother even tried getting me the kid version to help me better understand. One experience I can remember when I was in high school trying out for the cheerleading team; this is when God really tested my faith. It was a lot of girls trying out for the team and I was so nervous and imitated as well. I continue to think I wouldn’t make it and mess up in tryout because I was always the shy girl. Just before try outs and the night before I prayed real hard that I make the cheerleading team. I didn’t make it the year before so I already had negative thoughts of not making the team. I end up doing an excellent job for tryouts and made the team with flying colors. I knew then God answered my prayers with no doubts. God was trying to test my faith I just didn’t know it at that time. I was crying with tears of joy when I saw my name on the list and immediately began thanking God for all his blessings. It may seem strange, but the cheerleading season, as well as certain circumstances that happened during the season was beneficial in learning some simple concepts of my Christian faith. My faith was initially introduced to me by my parents and they practiced their faith very often. I learned that every faith involves a decision; it is not about what we claim to believe, but what we actually do believe, that is true faith. Faith is something different to everyone and is a belief. It holds true to every religious and non-religious person. Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and lean not on your own understanding, in all your ways acknowledge Him, And He shall direct your paths† (Proverbs 3: 5-6). That has been one of my favorite passages from the bible, whenever I feel like crying â€Å"Why Me†, I simply read that passage and just tell myself that God has a plan for me. I look at God as my role model and also feel like prayer gives me the time to build my relationship with God. Later, in my young adulthood years I went to church and decided to give myself to the Lord and get baptized. This was the best day of my life. .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .postImageUrl , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:hover , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:visited , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:active { border:0!important; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:active , .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7980ea98bdefc1ea26c2dea19cea67f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Healthy Eating : A Practical Guide EssayI was going through a lot during my young adulthood years and at that time God was the only person I could depend on and turn to. I was a single mother at a young age and later became pregnant which did disappointment my mother, however we did not believe in abortions. After having my daughter, working fulltime, and going school fulltime I really didn’t have the time to go to church as much. I would watch church on television because I working every weekend and continue to pray as usual. As of today I still working fulltime and in school and really don’t have the time but continue to make time for my God. I also involves my children in the word and teach them about the importance of knowing God. I do involve God in my life every day and continue to keep prayer in my daily schedule. My plan is to continue keep God in my life and go to church a little more in my weekly schedule as before. I thank god for him continuing to bless me and my family, and will continue to believe in his word he teaches us in the bible. God had blessed me last year with a new house, car, and this year graduation from the BSN nursing program which I’m excited about his plan for me and my family.

Tchaikovskys Symphony No. 6 Essay Example

Tchaikovskys Symphony No. 6 Essay A Palette of Human Emotions By: Gunnar Moll Peter Illyich Tchaikovsky is one of the most famous Russian composers. He was born in Votkinsk on May 7, 1840 into a middle class family. His family greatly supported his musical interests. They gave him piano lessons and provided him with the instruction of music theory. Their move to St. Petersburg proved to be a significant milestone is Tchaikovsky’s life. It had set the course for Tchaikovskys progress and success in the musical world. From September of 1850 to May of 1859, Tchaikovsky attended the School of Jurisprudence.At this boarding school in St. Petersburg, he received an excellent education and further pursued his interest in music. During this time, he received piano lessons from Rudolf Kundinger, a well known piano teacher, and Luigi Piccioli, an Italian master. Both teachers profoundly influenced Tchaikovsky, especially Piccioli who was one of the first to recognize his talent. It was also at the boarding school that T chaikovsky discovered his sexual orientation. Signs of his homosexuality became apparent, although throughout his life, he tried to keep his homosexuality kept quiet for the risk of a scandal.More inner turmoil followed in 1854 when his mother died. He was so affected with her death that he wrote 26 years later: â€Å"Every moment of that appalling day is as vivid to me as though it were yesterday†. In 1862, Tchaikovsky enrolled in the St. Petersburg Conservatory to focus solely on music. He studied theory and composition, piano, flute and organ under his principal teachers, Anton Rubinstien and Nikolai Zaremba. He also began to compose his first prominent works such as the Characteristic Dances and the String Quartet in B-flat major.After his graduation in 1865, he met opposition with other nationalistic composers due to his studies with the western-oriented Rubinstien. Such disdain for Tchaikovsky’s works was met by a group of the most prominent Russian composers cal led â€Å"The Five†. It wasn’t until Tchaikovsky wrote his fantasy-overture Romeo and Juliet that he gained the appraise of â€Å"The Five†. As a mature composer in 1867, Tchaikovsky produced some of his best works: the Piano Concerto no. 1, Variations on a Rococco Theme for cello, and Swan Lake to name a few. It was also during these years that Tchaikovsky began to struggle more and more with is sexuality.Accepting his supposed orientation, he ironically became effectuated with the Belgain soprano Desiree Artot, claiming that she was the only women he had ever loved. However, their marriage was unsuccessful, leaving Tchaikovsky with feelings of great depression. It is commonly believed that these negative feelings actually enhanced Tchaikovsky’s creativity. He wrote very long, ambitious works such as his Violin Concerto in D Major which was deemed impossible to play at the time. He extensively traveled throughout Europe to compose and promote new works. He eventually went back to Russia to settle down.There, he was awarded a lifetime pension from the Tsar for writing pieces for him. With financial security, he could turn his attention to cultivating his social skills which he lacked. Although he hated public life, he worked on improving his conducting, teaching, and public speaking. Tchaikovsky died in St. Petersburg in 1893, nine days after the premiere of his 6th Symphony. His death has been widely attributed to suicide. The rumor goes that a cholera outbreak had polluted the water supply in St. Petersburg. One had to boil the water to ensure that it was sterile and free of disease.One night after a concert, Tchaikovsky decided against boiling his water and drank it, thus dying of cholera. The general plan of Tchaikovsky’s symphonies includes a very pessimistic first movement, a sad, peaceful second movement, an allegro movement (often in dance form) and a fourth movement full of vigor. His 6th symphony, the Pathetique, is an exception. The themes are broad, decorative, and striking. The orchestration is rich but without any attempt at spectacular effects. The last movement is slow and mournful, and recent research reveals the reason.The Pathetique was only partly finished when news spread of a homosexual encounter Tchaikovsky had with a fellow student. Some believe that the composer finished the symphony as a farewell to life. The scoring is for the standard symphonic orchestra with winds, brass, strings, timpani, and other percussion instruments. It was premiered in St. Petersburg with Tchaikovsky himself leading the orchestra. The 1st movement is in sonata form. The slow introduction to this symphony is unusual in that it begins in the subdominant key E minor, solemnly introduced by the bassoons.It modulates into B minor and the tempo increases for the principal subject. This theme is elaborated and developed, and a march-like motif forms a bridge passage leading to a climax. The strings then in troduce an amorous, song-like second subject in D major. The development section enters with a bang. This section brings no startling thematic growth or transformation, but is highly dramatic and effective nonetheless. A huge recapitulatory climax utilizing the full brass section announces the return of the principal subject. The amorous song is also restated and ends with another dying coda.A descending pizzicato bass provides a background for the brass, which bring the movement to a close. The 2nd movement is in ternary form. This movement begins like a typical Tchaikovsky waltz, except for the unusual feature of a 5/4 time signature broken into 2+3 beats per measure. The first theme in D major, is basically an upward scale with a triplet in the middle, which descends in a similar fashion. The trio begins in the relative minor full of dissonance which creates emotional tension. Tchaikovsky also includes various modulations, thus adding to the effect of the trio.The key of D major returns at the end of the trio, announcing the return of the first theme. The coda consists of the first theme in the bass, and fragments of the trio in the upper parts. The 3rd movement is basically a scherzo in ternary form. It opens in a playful moto perpetuo with the violins and woodwinds. The trumpets then enter with a motive of descending fourths, and a march rhythm takes over the moto perpetuo. This eventually leads on to a march in E major, introduced quietly by the clarinet. Following this is a disappearance of the main rhythm through a syncopated chordal theme.The first group of themes is restated, and the march returns triumphantly following a fanfare of trumpets. The march is then brought to a heroic conclusion in the coda. The finale, marked Adagio lamentoso, is in rondo form. This movement is quite unusual in that it lacks the complexity of the first and is very slow and mournful very uncharacteristic of a final movement. The movement’s principal subject is a d escending idea in B minor created by the criss-crossing of various instruments. The theme is repeated, but the accents are now played by the darker wind instruments like the bassoon.The second subject is introduced by the strings in D major which builds to a climax. The now powerful rhythm stops suddenly as the theme repeats and moves back to B minor. The coda is very long, and consists of the second theme harmonized in a similar way to the first, portraying despair and sorrow. The year in which Tchaikovsky wrote this symphony, 1893, was the year that Russia began to make amends with France. Russia ratified the Duple Alliance and signed a military accord with the French. However, these political events did not influence Tchaikovsky’s sixth symphony at all.The massive culmination of emotion in his sixth symphony stem from his personal experiences at the time. He wrote the symphony in bouts of extreme depression. He tore up many drafts of the score claiming that it was one of t he worst works he had ever written. Strangely, he obsessed over writing the symphony soon after. He was wholly occupied with the work, unable to tear himself away from it. Tchaikovsky’s 6th symphony became one of my favorite orchestral pieces after I played the second violin part in the Connecticut Youth Symphony last year.It is a very emotionally draining work requiring great stamina and energy from everyone. My favorite recording of it would be the one played by the Russian National Orchestra. They seem to capture every nuance of the human emotion from the brooding bassoon introduction to the bombastic march in the 3rd movement. In my opinion, the Symphony Pathetique isn’t a musical experience. It’s more of a reflection on what it is to be human. The symphony forces one to reconnect with joy and sorrow. It serves as a reminder that we are human and even the coldest person can still feel.

Rhetorical Devices in Speech Essays

Rhetorical Devices in Speech Essays Rhetorical Devices in Speech Paper Rhetorical Devices in Speech Paper How does Obama use Rhetorical Devices In his speech effectively to engage his audience? Throughout Beams speech he uses many different examples of rhetorical devices such as alliteration, personification, trial, allusion and an Inclusive pronoun. Alliteration is used effectively In Beams speech. An example would be depths of despair to the greatest heights of hope. The fact that he goes from the worst to the best corrects the listeners minds and provides an Insight Into Just how good things are going for America In Beams eyes. It proves how far theyve come ND gives the listeners hope for even greater things to come In the future. The use of the word despair suggests that there was very little hope for Americas future In the past and reinforces how bad things must have been for them. To then use the word hope suggests bigger and better things to come, it implies the listener that the best is not here yet and there is a lot more to come and although they have already came so far they are still yet to reach the greatness the country is impending. This makes the audience feel hopeful and trustful in the future for their country. Personification is also used effectively. An example of this would be we care so strongly about its future. In this example Obama is talking about America as a country and referring to it as if it is a real life person. The fact he does this gives likeness and attributes of life to the country, and makes it seem unstoppable in a way as Just like a person, America will keep moving forward and develop new ways of doing things and dealing with situations. Personification is much used in visual arts, so Obama using it in this beech works effectively as it immediately makes the audience picture America in their brains and focus on its future rather than its past. The word strongly has synonyms like able, tough, powerful and Vigorous so it seems the perfect word for Obama to use as it not only makes the people of America feel stronger and more united as a country but also makes them believe they can overcome their past and can move forward and achieve all their goals in the future. By using personification Obama animates a lifeless thing; America which creates excitement In the audience s they feel it isnt the end for Americas and again there are greater things to come. Obama also uses Triad in his speech. An example would be we believe In a generous America; In a compassionate America; In a tolerant America. This Is effective as It almost leads to a climax within the audience as each thing he lists that they believe In seems to get better and more appealing to the people. The fact he uses triad makes his message stand out more and become more memorable In the audiences minds. It allows a speaker to express a concept, emphasize It, and then make It memorable. It also makes the audience more trustworthy of Obama as a leader as It shows he doesnt have one singular goal for America and he Isnt looking to Improve lust one thing. They may feel motivated for change as Obama uses such effective words wanly all link together Ana gall almost give America a Tie as en careless ten country the same way you would a person, which may make the audience feel like one with each other and for America to be all these things they must become these things themselves. Allusion is another effective rhetorical device in Beams speech. An example of this is Tonight more than 200 years after a former colony won the right to determine its own destiny. This works well during his speech as he is convincing America how greater things are to come regardless of the great things that have happened for the country so far. The fact he uses this allusion almost proves to the audience Just how much things may change for the good of America as long ago they couldnt even determine their own destiny this makes them believe Just how much of an impact they can have on their own future. He simplifies the idea of hang by using a well-known story to explain Just how greatly things may change for the country. This makes the audience even more hopeful and prepared for the changes to come in the future of their country. Lastly the use of inclusive pronouns works very effectively. An example would be it moves forward because of you. This implies that without the people, America would be nothing and would be at a standstill. This not only makes the audience feel worthy but also as if they all have a role to play in order to keep America together and as one. The use of the word you addresses the mass audience as though they were individuals having a one on one conversation with Obama, by doing this he keeps the whole audience engaged and interested in what he has to say. To conclude it is clear that Obama uses a variety of different rhetorical devices in order to keep his audience engaged and pleased with his speech. He uses all effectively and manages to make the mass audience still feel like an individual by his use of rhetorical devices. Each rhetorical device creates a different impact or emotion on the audience whether it be individuality, worth, important or trust.

A2 EXCEL DRAFT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A2 EXCEL DRAFT - Assignment Example These figures provided the basis for calculation of the individual employee earnings, contributions and benefits as well as the FICA deductions. To provide a cost benefit analysis, both the expenditures incurred by the department and the benefits translated to savings must be computed. The personnel based expenditures include the salaries and wages and Employee benefits contributed by the department. Values for these two items are obtained from the 2014 adopted budget. The company is obliged to make social security contribution of 6.2% and Medicare contribution of 1.45% of the salaries and wages respectively. Additionally, each employee is given a retirement related benefit of 7.5% of salaries and wages. Once these figures are calculated, the recurring costs, one-time costs and recurring savings are calculated based on the assumptions that the pilot experiment will run for a transition period of six months and involves 5 employees only. Additionally, the experiment will be projected for a period of five years after the transitional period. This eventually provides values for present value of costs and the present value of benefits that are then used to calculate the net present Value and the Benefit/cost ratio. Essentially, the figures used for the calculations were obtained from the adopted budget for the county for the 2014 financial year. According to the report the human resource department has a staff FTE of 14, calculated salaries and wages of $993,967 and employee benefits amounting to $255,692. These figures are used to derive the employee benefits, FICA tax withholdings, social security and Medicare contributions. Social security is computed by multiplying 6.2% (rate of withholding) by the salaries and wages. On the other hand the Medicare contributions are calculated by multiplying the salaries and wages by a withholding rate of 1.45%. It is important to note that all categories of deductions (contributions by employer) except

How does Network affect in the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How does Network affect in the world - Essay Example Over time, and especially recently, the same has been transformed from these old means into more recent ones in ways like use of social networking sites. Its modern conception was the result of the development of the bulletin board system. These were originally meeting places where people could upload information on the events they were planning to conduct as well as exchange knowledge and other information. Moreover, they could also download information in the form of games and other software. These sites were created by people who made it their hobby to put together forums for people to share on topics and events of mutual interest. The online transformation continued over time to the email where information could be shared with friends and those within a given social network through text. However, this did not end here as over time, the opening of the internet to the general population of the world has transformed how people share ideas and communicate with each other. Creative minds came up with online social networking sites such as â€Å"Six Degrees†, â€Å"Classmates† and even â€Å"AOL† (standing for America Online). These set the playfield for later players who came in later such as Facebook, MySpace, Friendster, LinkedIn and Twitter. The above later sites that spawned from the year 2000 and on made significant progress in bringing people together and changing how they interacted as per their interests. Facebook made the most important mark in the whole business of social networking. In just a short period of its launch, it has garnered millions of users due to its trendy name, †Å"Facebook† and the fact that it encouraged people to be open and be themselves on the web (Nickson par 5-20). Most of the benefits emanating from the use of social networking are based on the world business. Social networking has provided a cheap and cost effective way to communicate and share information on business and personal issues online. This is

Analyse item 1 a newspaper article from The Guardian Essay Example for Free

Analyse item 1 a newspaper article from The Guardian Essay I am writing an assignment which is on media. The two sources I have been given to analyse is a leaflet from The Salvation Army and a newspaper article from The Guardian. Both are based on the subject of homelessness. The problem of homelessness is a very unsettled issue. It is evident in many countries but in the UK it is concentrated in London. The two items are different, as one is an article from a broad sheet newspaper whereas item 2 is a leaflet asking for donation for a charity which helps the homeless. The article on homelessness states many facts on the reasons why homelessness is an issue which is faced by many people today. It is estimated that 419, 400 individuals have been accepted homeless by the local authorities in which many are living in a sub standard condition and are not even included in the statistics. This means that there are many out there who are regarded homeless and are yet not to be found. The main reason that people are homeless is the fact that most of them are rough sleepers who go about during the day and sleep wherever there is a dry place. It is mentioned that the majority are single people. This may have been due to the fact that many of them leave home at a young age and are unable to support themselves financially and resulting in not having kids. It is estimated tat 90% of the homeless population is male. One may think why? The answer to this is due to the fact of excess consumption of alcohol resulting in spending a huge amount of money and leading to bankruptcy and not affording to a good life. People who are dependant on non prescribed drugs are also homeless because they spend most of their income on drugs. It is also stated that those who suffer from multiple social problems are mostly either family problems or are kicked out due to other problems. They suffer mentally as these problems mount up leading them to leave home and run away with no benefits and live on the streets without a fixed home. As homelessness is increasing, government intends to abolish the problem by setting up plans for the future, which may help in development. The newspaper states that in order for this plan to work out successfully, the government proposed many new acts since 1980s Due to public outcry against doss houses many of these houses were closed down, in return new warm hostels were opened; the downside to this improvement was that it was insufficient as by 1989 they were, 5000 fewer beds than there were 10 years ago. By 1990 the government estimated 1000 to 2000 people were sleeping rough in central London. Along the government response to this was the Department of the Environment had launched a three year i 90,000,000 rough sleepers initiative (RSI) in which they funded resettlement workers, temporary cold workers and a permanent accommodation for rough sleepers to move on. Other authorities like the Department of Health launched a homeless mentally ill initiative to provide a more high care hostels for those with mental problems. Because of its success, the initiatives were renewed for a further 3 years in 1993. By 1995, the government reported that the number of rough sleepers in London dropped to around 270 which means it was successful. The problem of homelessness was reported in the newspaper article in the Guardian. Now I will analyse an extract of a leaflet from The Salvation Army which helps to tackle the problem of homelessness. The Salvation Army is an agency, which works on peoples contributions to continue the agencys work on helping homeless people. The Salvation Army is a provider of accommodation for those who are single and homeless all year round. This group has developed a successful programme for helping people to find permanent homes. This means that the Salvation Army is not only working on short-term projects but also on long term projects to ensure safety for the future and help build their lives. An example of a successful help project is Jim. It is stated that Jim was a success because of many peoples generosity which enabled a brighter future for Jim. Home for Jim was not good. He lived on a hill amongst brambles, because of the reason that his life living on the streets was disappointing, and also the reason about the time he got is hopes high of getting a job that was refused, because of the interviewer took one look at his crumpled clothes his hopes of living a good life with a fresh start was shattered and he was left where he started from. But then the Salvation Army stepped in. Once the Army hears a person in need like Jim, they send someone to investigate the matter. After that incident an officer visited him. With a helping hand and a shoulder to cry on Jim was taken to a hostel where he enjoyed a hot bath, a shave and most of all friendship. From then, Jim had been living in the local Salvation Army hostel. Building up his confidence with the dedicated help of the officers he has open up his hope and is determined to find a job and build up his life once again. As this story was successful in Jims case it may mean many other cases which are there must be successful too. With this story as an example the Salvation Army is a charity which is there to lend a sympathetic ear and a comforting arm and most importantly it is there to offer true friendship to those who are lonely and scared. The Salvation Army is not there just to provide a temporary home but also to offer a long-term programme which enables a better future for the unfortunate homeless people. As The Salvation Army is a charity which helps to build long term projects for the homeless, they have to find a way to make people pay attention and one strategy used is the use of emotional language. There are many examples in which emotional language is used but the main ones are: Once in the streets, homeless people become prey to all sorts of illnesses, all potential killers. In fact over 600 people a year on the streets die on the streets. In this sentence the word prey is used. The literal meaning of prey is a victim. This tells the reader that homeless people are victims of cold weather and the use of this word is emotional and used to make a point; it is also supported by a fact 600 making this statement true. Another sentence where the use of language is strong is With your generosity we can give vulnerable people not only a happier Christmas but a brighter future too. The word generosity is used to give an opinion of being helpful or kind. This suggests that with the help of the people outside giving donations it can give vulnerable people a happier Christmas and give a lifelong help of a good future. Another sentence which captures the readers eye is We are the ones to lend a sympathetic ear, the ones with the comforting arm, the ones offering true friendship and support during difficult times. The words comforting, sympathetic are both very emotional. They are used here in order for the reader to be aware of the good nature of The Salvation Army, how at difficult times they can offer friendship and show support to those who are in difficult times. The Salvation Army is there to help people who cant help themselves and those who do not show help to others. The use of emotive words gives an impression of a sad tone to the story about Jim and to the life of homeless people. The two items about homelessness are very unlike as item 1 is an article from a broadsheet newspaper The Guardian whereas item 2 is a information leaflet from The Salvation Army. The newspaper article follows a parliamentary debate which is going to take place on the issue of homelessness. The article begins with a subheading getting to the key point about the size of the problem. It begins with the historical past of homelessness. A lot of statistical information is given; it also states what kind of people is most likely to be found homeless single people, childless couples. It also shows previous parliament records over 8,000 people which tells you that this debate has taken place once before. There are many facts given to show evidence of the controversial issue of homelessness. The newspaper article finally shows what the government has done to overcome homelessness; an example of this is doss houses which were closed down. The leaflet from the Salvation Army begins with an opinion, of how sleeping rough you can dread bad weather. It states a fact about living outside in the cold weather can feel like. Compared to the newspaper article which is not biased about who is to blame for being homeless, the leaflet states a biased opinion on how homeless people are blameless for their situation. It also states what kind of people is likely to be homeless, which is different from the newspaper article. It gives a reason for publishing the leaflet but does not give a lot of statistical information. There is a blend of facts and opinions like over 600 people a year die on the streets which is a fact. It also gives a reason for why they are successful by giving the story about Jim, which was a success. It does not show background information on the issue of homelessness. It ends with a paragraph on requesting help from the readers by donating money. The newspaper article gets to the point on what the article is about with a large heading in bold and capitals HOMELESSNESS which later is followed by sub- headings. It is set out in vertical columns which are not fully justified. It has short paragraphs and sub-headings. The paragraphs give much information in a compact place. In comparison to the leaflet which begins with bold highlighted blocks giving little facts. The paragraphs are set like tabloid newspapers also in vertical columns. There are very short paragraphs and some of them are in Italics; the font of the letters varies in style like Italics with your generosity . It does not give substantial information on the issue. The newspaper articles use of language is formal and direct; it is very informative stating many facts on the issue and the historical background. Like the parliament debate, the sentences are easy to understand and the sentences are balanced with connectives like however, or. It gives a lot of statistical information to show evidence of how homelessness is a very big issue. No emotional language is used. The leaflets use of language is very straightforward and easy to understand. The sentences are very simple. It has information but not in a great amount. There is a case study shown in the story about Jim and how the Salvation Army was a success and this can draw a persons attention. Many financial appeals are requested using emotive words with your generosity and become prey which also catches the readers attention. The leaflet is based on appeal rather than factual information like the newspaper article. The Salvation Armys main motives to ask for donations to help resolve homelessness whereas the newspaper article is informative and has a lot of statistical information in a more formal manner. The article appeals to me as a more informative packed story. It gives more amount of statistical information to prove many facts; the sentence which caught my eye was 90 per cent were male as I did not think that most homeless people were male. It also begins on with what kind of people are most likely to be homeless which can tell the reader how homelessness has begun. The information on how homelessness has increased during the years shows the reader how it has become a more highly regarded issue and is something to think about. It also shows what the government is doing to tackle the problem and how at a yearly basis new initiatives have been introduced. The reader is left to make their own opinion about homelessness whether it is an issue worth thinking about and, make a public stand to it or leave it to the government to sort it out. The leaflet has a more emotional tone for public appeal on donating for a charity which is helping to reduce the problem of homelessness. The Salvation Army is a charity which is based on peoples donation to help the homeless and develop long term projects for a good future. It gives information on what kind of conditions the homeless have to sleep in. it also shows a case study to support their success. It is not as informative as the newspaper article. It has no fixed presentation device unlike the newspaper article which is all set in columns. Towards the end of the leaflet the reader is left to make a choice of feeling sorry for the homeless and donate money or is left untouched by the story about Jim.

What Is Psychology? :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s fast paced society many people have a tough time dealing with their problems, this is where the psychologist comes into play. Psychology by definition is, the science dealing with the mind and the mental and emotional processes. A lot of times, the psychologist will use the scientific method in finding a diagnosis for the patient. They will determine if they see a pattern, make a hypothesis and make conclusions to help the end result. I feel that psychology has an excellent claim to being called a science. The human brain is so complex, we need to definitely study it so we in turn can find out more about our creator.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From a Christian perspective, I feel that psychology has its benefits; however if the psychologist thinks that he/she is solving all of the problems is totally wrong. God put them in a position where they could help others fix their problems; if they misuse that power they are basically betraying God. On the other hand, understanding why God made our minds the way he did will only give us a better understanding of him. When God created us he gave us intelligence so that we could have a personal relationship with him. As Christians it should be one of our goals to find out more about this branch of science. Thus, I feel overall that psychology has a major potential to help us understand what it really means to be totally committed to Christ.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When looking at the other sciences, the â€Å"hard† sciences tend to use more physical proof then patterns discovered. Science by definition is the state of fact or knowledge. To leave science that wide open would be a mistake. That is why we see the many different divisions of science. Though each has a different area of study, they all do form one giant puzzle. Scientists in every field use some sort of scientific method to solve their problems. If they didn’t relate, we would see many contradictions between all the sciences.

Impact of Technology Essay

Abstract The information technology investments have increased significantly with time and advancement in technology. In this study, an attempt is made to highlight how the information technology influences the organization productivity. The correlation between the information technology (IT) and productivity was very argumentative. Many studies were conducted to identify the impact of IT on productivity conclude different results. It is impossible to estimate the productivity growth due to the availability of so many advanced computer technologies, as it’s tough to consider all parameters involved while calculating productivity growth. Several researches and studies were documented stating positive effects of IT on productivity growth. But still there were few against this statement. Introduction The advancement in the information technology made both consumers and business enterprises to use it. Computers, laptops, wireless communications etc. are all part of IT and incorporated in every industry. Enterprises invest in these technologies because it was assumed technologies will enhance productivity. Companies aim to generate more business and high turnovers through less investment. In a race to gain more efficiency, the enterprises are adapting new technologies. Huge investments are made on new technologies to survive in industry. The major challenge is to produce high quality goods and services at low prices. Some enterprises understood the  value and importance of information technology and used it to deliver more products in less time and more reliable and convenient services at lower cost. This will also help to gain competitive advantage over rivals. It was illustrated in a study to generate high productivity growths from information technology; enterprises should cha nge the existing infrastructure as well as business practices (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005). Many enterprises changed the organizational structure to exploit the full potential of information technology and its applications. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) linked productivity with living standards to understand it better. They mentioned that value of productivity can be easily understood when related with our living standards. They highlighted the significance of productivity by comparing it with our living standards and mentioned that, â€Å"productivity growth determines our living standards and the wealth of nations.† This reflects the customers’ behavior to consume more in less money. They also point out that the concept of productivity is simple and vast but tough to measure with accuracy. Information Technology and Productivity Productivity was described as the amount of output generated for a certain amount of input (Brynjolfsson, 2003; Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1995). Productivity can also be defined as the measure of the quantity of outputs in goods and services per unit of input (Muriwai, 2006). Productivity can be measured either by keeping the output static or input. Productivity can be increased with increase in output keeping input constant or by decreasing the input keeping the output static. The term information technology was defined narrowly as the expenditures made on the computing hardware (Brynjolfsson, 2003 and Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 2005). It was elaborated a little more as. All the computer software and hardware, tools and services used in the business processes and operations are a part of information technology. The investments in information technology were defined as the expenses on the computer hardware and software and all other devices related with IT (Morrison, 1997). The main purpose of these investments is developing a modern infrastructure within the organization to boost productivity of both organization and employees (Dehning, Dow, & Stratopoulus, 2003). It was documented by Mahmood and Mann (2005) that  investment in IT was not sufficient enough to increase productivity. Strategic decisions had to be made whether investment in IT would help to accomplish objectives and goals set. A harmony must occur between IT investments and changes in business process to have high productivity growth, even greater than investment in information technology. Keller (2004) also stated that when IT is utilized appropriately at workplace that also helps a lot in productivity growth. Just investing in information technology is not sufficient to gain growth in productivity; but organization can visualize changes brought by information technology (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998; Dedrick, Gurbaxani & Kraemer, 2003). A significant relation between IT investments per employee and overall productivity of company was found by Brynjolfsson (2003). The enterprises gained high productivity growth who invested huge sum in information technology effectively. But pattern of productivity growth across the enterprises varied no doubt the return from IT investment were positive (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998). It takes time to realize productivity gains from investments in information technology. It was supported by Mahmood and Mann (1988) that productivity growth and performance of the organization improves in time period of two or three years after investing in information technology. Dedrick et al. (2003) also believed that productivity gains are realized after a long time period. It was highlighted in their research that information technology payoffs are high when firms’ effectively apply information technology in long run. It’s easy to measure productivity when tangible products and goods are produced as in the manufacturing sector. An input alteration in the manufacturing process can bring substantial changes in productivity. For instance, the use of automation technology and robotics produce outputs of good quality (Kao & Liu, 2005). On the contrary, it’s tough to measure and improve productivity in service sector. It’s next to impossible to evaluate the productivity of an employee. A method was proposed by Tallon and Kraemer (2006) to measure precisely the impact of information technology on productivity. A method of perceptual measures was recommended by them. Perceptual measures would bring new scope to study impact of technology on productivity. They described it as â€Å"perceptual measures, if structured around information technology impacts at the process-level, can yield richer insights than objective criteria alone†. Authors’ Agree and Disagree: The research was done by many to study the impact of IT on productivity (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005; Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998; Melville, Kraemer & Gurbaxani, 2004 and Kudyba, 2004). The expectation that productivity will certainly increase by utilizing the IT were not always true. But researches ended up with different conclusions, some stated positive impacts of IT on productivity and others negative. Information technology had negative impact on productivity. Mahmood and Mann (2005) mentioned in their study that there is no adequate evidence available in past researches showing the positive effects of IT on productivity. It was also supported by Dedrick et al. (2003) stating, â€Å"Studies have failed to identify a relationship between information technology investment and firm profitability.† The term productivity paradox was introduced by Robert Solow in 1987 explaining the inability of the information technology contributing towards firm productivity (Solow. 1987). He made a statement that growth in productivity was not accompanied by the information technology. He also discussed that the companies didn’t had expected results in productivity after investing in Information technology. He quoted, â€Å"You can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity statistics†. In my opinion and during my research I realized that impact of IT on productivity had mixed reviews from different authors, researchers and economists. Researchers used new approach to reveal the hidden positive effects of IT on productivity. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) illustrated that â€Å"Information technology has a positive and significant impact on firm output, contradicting the claims of a productivity paradox (p52).† This was also supported by Brynjolfsson (2003) and Dedrick et al. (2003) that productivity including the output per worker annually had increased significantly with use of information technology. It was mentioned by Kudyba (2004) that the output can be upraised with increased information technology skills. The new information technology and techniques effectively when used by the companies, those companies are productive than who don’t use it (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005). When the technologies and techniques were used perfectly and timely, yield high level of productivity. The three ways were  discussed by Brynjolfsson (2003), Keller (2004) and Brynjolfsson & Hitt (1998) to recognize productivity growth from IT: by decreasing the cost on Information technology and keeping the benefits from business stagnant; increase the benefits from business and keeping the investment in Information technology constant; or reduce the cost of information technology and benefits increase from business. The information technology is important and valuable for organization (Melville et al., 2004). They also stated that effective and efficient use of information technology can yield potential benefits, like cost reduction, improving quality and at last productivity. The companies, who used information technology effectively, had also observed an increase in price of their market share more than others. It had been reported by Mahmood and Mann (2005) that both IT labour and computer resources contribute towards return on investments. They also mentioned in their report that effective enterprises have developed and improved their infrastructures and investing highly in information technology. Information technology is a medium through which the information can be distributed easily within organizations. The highly advanced IT infrastructures create an atmosphere within organization that encourages decentralized process of decision making (Brynjolfsson & Brown, 2005). When modification of the business processes is done within organizations, it becomes necessary to integrate information technologies. The productivity can be enhanced by integrating information technology investments with decentralize process of decision making (Melville et al., 2004). The integration of information technology investments and other investments within business also proves to be beneficial (Brynjolfsson & Hitt, 1998). The operations and business processes within the organization must be evaluated and ensure that existing business enviro nment can adapt the new technology, before future information technology investments made (Zhou & Chen, 2003). The predictable and estimated outcomes can be realized from IT investments through integration of technologies and current business processes (Kudyba, 2004). It becomes important to restructure the business processes with the changing business environments when new information systems are set up (Zhou & Chen, 2003). McNamara and Watson (2005) also reported that the integration of the existing technology systems with new technologies within organizations yields the expected productivity growth.  They also discussed how the existing technologies can be employed in various business operations, it equally productive as investing in new information technologies. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1998) found that â€Å"The greatest benefits of computers appear to be realized when computer investment is coupled with other complementary investments; new strategies, new business processes and new organizations all appear to be important in realizing the maximum benefit of information technology†. The companies must integrate all daily activities, decentralize decision process, flow of information from high to low level, this will enhance productivity growth and all these attributes directly or indirectly contribute to information technology (Brynjolfsson, 2003). The organizations use various methods and measures like product quality, profitability, and value of market shares to measure productivity (Dedrick et al., 2003). There is a possibility that productivity can also be gained through effective management. It was observed that productivity can be increased by information technology and make worth for consumers (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1995). Devaraj and Kohli (2003) proposed a method which requires elevation of the IT usage at the employees’ level individually and then finally investigating its effect on organizational performance. Employees’ of modern organization may call it push or pull of IT investments. This phenomenon of push or pull in IT investments may inspire employees’ for using new technologies and this may lead to productivity improvements. Kudyba (2004) mentioned that competitive advantage can be gained by hiring skilled and experienced employees. In my view, the employees must be trained to use new technologies or companies should hire skilled and experienced employees. It also depends how the new technologies are being utilized by the enterprises to enhance their productivity. Only those companies will maximize their productivity that will use the technology perfectly and timely. I have also learned during my research that productivity doesn’t depend on one factor, there are number of parameters that affect the overall productivity of the organizations. The accurate methods are required for calculating the productivity, to recognize the growth of productivity. Rather than focusing on productivity only, enterprises should develop new strategies to integrate t echnologies with new opportunities. The barriers to entry can be easily terminated by raising the firm’s efficiency and gaining competitive advantage. Benefit to Manager There is a big challenge ahead for all the mangers and decision makers how to consume the information technologies at best and have maximum benefits. It’s not compulsory that the companies will have same levels of productivity if provided with same information technology, it depends how the technology is utilized to have high growth in productivity (Brynjolfsson, 2003). To maintain competitive advantage in the industry, the managers had to find new ways in which they can exploit the full potential of technologies differently from their rivals. Melville et al. (2004) mentioned the competitive advantage gained through human resource and technical synergies cannot be maintained for long. A strategy or mechanism had to develop to gain competitive edge for long periods and which is not easy to imitate. The competitive advantage can be maintained until others don’t follow what you are doing, once others start following your techniques it’s tough to sustain competitive advantage (Brynjolfsson, 2003). I believe that managers should examine future values of all IT investments when productivity results were not up to the level of expectations. The organizational leaders are not ready to invest more on technologies, when results from previous IT investments are not beneficial enough (Devaraj & Kohli, 2003). A big challenge for the leaders to justify future investments in technologies when there is no significant evidence of productivity improvement from previously investments in information technologies (Dehning, Dow, & Stratopoulus, 2003). Managers should focus on other aspects of business process also rather than on productivity alone. Hitt and Brynjolfsson (1995) discussed that managers should concentrate more on how information technology can be used to improve product quality and customer service. Information technology has the potential to reduce the expenses on such services and change the mode of production and delivery of the goods and services so can’t be easily imitated by competitors (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1995). The uniqueness in utilizing the information technologies in business operations and processes is the key to stay ahead of the competitors in the market. This not only provides competitive advantage but also increases the overall growth in productivity. Conclusion The conclusion can be drawn that investing in information technology doesn’t  have any positive impact on productivity growth until utilized properly and effectively. The impact of investing in technologies can be realized how organizations utilize technologies effectively depending on the current situations of organizations and derive expected productivity results. The invention of telecommunication, computer software and hardware had totally changed operations within the organizations. The use of these forms of technology was extensively popular and in-demand among the various industrial sectors. The enterprises had changed their existing infrastructures to adapt these new technologies. The meaning both consumption and productivity have changed with innovation of information technology. Organizations across the globe are implementing new technologies to enhance the daily business activities with the purpose to survive and compete in this new global world of information tec hnology. References Brynjolfsson, E. (2003). ROI valuation :The IT productivity gap. (21). Retrieved from http://ebusiness.mit.edu/erik/Optimize/pr_roi.html. Brynjolfsson, E., & Brown, P. (2005). VII pillars of IT productivity. Optimize Manhasset.4(5), 26-35.Retrived from http://www.georgeschussel.com/wpcontent/uploads/articles/NY6420050502_erik.pdf. Brynjolfsson, E., & Hitt, L. M. (1998). Beyond the productivity paradox. Communications Of The ACM, 41(8), 49 – 55. Retrived from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.195.1657&rep=rep1&type=pdf Dedrick, J., Gurbaxani, V., & Kraemer K.L. (2003). Information Technology and Economic Performance: A Critical Review of the Empirical Evidence. ACM Computing Surveys ,35(1),1-28.Retrived from Business Source Complete. Dehning, B., Dow, K. E., & Stratopoulos, T. C. 2003. The info-tech â€Å"Productivity Paradox†dissected and tested. Management Accounting Quarterly,5(1),31-39. Retrieved from Business Source Complete. Devaraj, S., & Ko hli, R.(2003). Performance impacts of information technology: Is actual usage the missing link?. Management Science, 49(3),273-289. Retrieved from Business Source Complete. Hitt, L. & Brynjolfsson, E. (1995). Productivity, profit and consumer welfare: Three different measures of information technology’s value. MIS Quarterly, 20(2), 121 -143. Keller, E. (2004). What Is Your IT Productivity. MSI 22(2), 33 – 34. Kudyba, S. (2004). The productivity pay-off from effective allocation of IT and non- IT labour.

Illegal Immigrants And Health Care Access - 6465 Words

INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, many issues have surfaced regarding illegal immigrants and health care access. Imagine your heart beating and blood rushing as quickly as possible through your veins. Then, someone knocks at the door, â€Å"rapido, escondete† (quickly hide); the silence takes over the house; the fear of what would happen next is quickly pounding hard through your head. That’s the fear that some people have to live in. It’s the fear of getting deported at any time or getting separated from family. The fear of being deported and separate from their love ones are also part of the fears and barriers that immigrants face that enable them from accessing health care. Consulting Previous Research â€Å"Health care is concerned with the individual’s care and treatment, while public health consists with health and well-being of populations.† Immigrants in general are people who migrate across national borders or foreign country for the purpose of seeking permanent residence and hopefully a better life. Conversely, illegal immigrants are those who violate immigration laws by entering another country without any permission whatsoever. Millions of people all over the world are bound to this choice due to the agony of leaving in countries with miserable economic resources and choices. Medical tourism is defined as the legal or illegal entry of an alien for the purposes of obtaining medical treatment or services unavailable in the alien’s home country. 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